\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u5bf9\u201c\u5783\u573eDNA\u201d\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\u7ed3\u679c\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u201c\u5783\u573eDNA\u201d\u7edd\u4e0d\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u4f53\u5185\u201c\u65e0\u7528\u201d\u7684\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5176\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u591a\u65b9\u9762\u53d1\u6325\u7740\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n
\u63d0\u5230\u5783\u573e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u53cd\u5e94\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u65e0\u7528\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002\u800c\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4f53\u5185\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u4e9bDNA\uff0c\u4e5f\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u5783\u573e\u201d\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u5783\u573eDNA\u201d\u7684\uff0c\u771f\u7684\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u4f53\u5185\u65e0\u7528\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u5417\uff1f<\/p>\n
\u8fd1\u671f\uff0c\u4e00\u9879\u53d1\u8868\u4e8e\u300a\u7ec6\u80de\u00b7\u5e72\u7ec6\u80de\u300b\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u4e4b\u524d\u88ab\u6211\u4eec\u5ffd\u89c6\u7684\u90e8\u5206DNA\uff0c\u5373\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u5783\u573eDNA\u201d\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e0e\u9ed1\u7329\u7329\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u3002<\/p>\n
\u201c\u6709\u4e00\u70b9\u53ef\u4ee5\u80af\u5b9a\uff0c\u2018\u5783\u573eDNA\u2019\u7edd\u4e0d\u662f\u5783\u573e\u3002\u201d\u6b66\u6c49\u79d1\u6280\u5927\u5b66\u751f\u7269\u533b\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u6559\u6388\u987e\u6f6e\u6c5f\u8bf4\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5bf9\u4eba\u7c7b\u57fa\u56e0\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5b58\u5728\u9636\u6bb5\u6027\uff0c\u957f\u671f\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u6709\u5173\u201c\u5783\u573eDNA\u201d\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u5c42\u51fa\u4e0d\u7a77\uff0c\u76f8\u4e92\u4e4b\u95f4\u65e2\u6709\u4f50\u8bc1\u4e5f\u6709\u80cc\u79bb\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u4e5f\u6b63\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u89e3\u5f00\u57fa\u56e0\u5965\u79d8\u7684\u5fc5\u7531\u4e4b\u8def\u3002<\/p>\n
\u201c\u5783\u573eDNA\u201d\u8ba4\u77e5\u4e0e\u201c\u6280\u201d\u4ff1\u8fdb<\/p>\n
\u201c\u5783\u573eDNA\u201d\u4e00\u540d\u4ece\u82f1\u6587\u201cJunk DNA\u201d\u76f4\u8bd1\u800c\u6765\uff0c\u6700\u521d\u7531\u65e5\u672c\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u5bb6\u5927\u91ce\u4e7e\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u4e2d\u4e0d\u80fd\u7f16\u7801\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u7684DNA\u5e8f\u5217\u3002<\/p>\n
\u987e\u6f6e\u6c5f\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u65e9\u671f\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u57fa\u56e0\u4e2d\u8d1f\u8d23\u7f16\u7801\u86cb\u767d\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u6570\u76ee\u4ec54\u4e07\u4e2a\uff0c\u53ea\u5360\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u76842%\uff0c\u5176\u4ed698%\u5747\u88ab\u5217\u4e3a\u201c\u5783\u573eDNA\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f34\u968f\u79d1\u7814\u8fdb\u6b65\uff0c\u201c\u5783\u573eDNA\u201d\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e5f\u5728\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u5176\u6cdb\u6307\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u7f16\u7801\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u65e2\u4e0d\u751f\u6210RNA\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4ea7\u751f\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u7684\u7247\u6bb5\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u4eba\u7c7b\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u4e2d\u4ee5\u91cd\u590d\u5e8f\u5217\u5f62\u5f0f\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0a\u5206\u4e3a\u6563\u5728\u91cd\u590d\u5e8f\u5217\u3001\u4e32\u8054\u91cd\u590d\u5e8f\u5217\u548c\u7247\u6bb5\u91cd\u590d\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u91cd\u590d\u6b21\u6570\u53c8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5ea6\u91cd\u590d\u5e8f\u5217\u548c\u9ad8\u5ea6\u91cd\u590d\u5e8f\u5217\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e0d\u4ec5\u201c\u5783\u573eDNA\u201d\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u5728\u53d8\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f53\u5185\u7a76\u7adf\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u201c\u5783\u573eDNA\u201d\uff0c\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u4eec\u4e5f\u83ab\u8877\u4e00\u662f\u3002<\/p>\n
2003\u5e74\uff0cENCODE (The Encyclopedia of DNA Elements)\u8ba1\u5212\u542f\u52a8\uff0c\u5168\u7403400\u591a\u540d\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u53c2\u4e0e\u5176\u4e2d\u3002\u8be5\u8ba1\u5212\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u5728\u63cf\u7ed8\u4eba\u7c7b\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u56fe\u8c31\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u5404\u57fa\u56e0\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u751f\u7269\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u57fa\u56e0\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u7ed3\u679c\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u4e2d80%\u7684\u533a\u57df\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u751f\u5316\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f46\u7f8e\u56fd\u4f11\u65af\u987f\u5927\u5b66\u751f\u7269\u548c\u751f\u5316\u6559\u6388\u4e39\u00b7\u683c\u62c9\u4e4c\u5c14\u5728\u300a\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u4e0e\u8fdb\u5316\u300b\u6742\u5fd7\u53d1\u8868\u8bba\u6587\u79f0\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u5168\u65b0\u6a21\u578b\u5bf9\u4eba\u7c7b\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u4e2d\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u57fa\u56e0\u8fdb\u884c\u7edf\u8ba1\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u57fa\u56e0\u5360\u6bd4\u6700\u591a\u53ea\u670925%\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u57fa\u56e0\u90fd\u662f\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u201c\u5783\u573eDNA\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n
\u987e\u6f6e\u6c5f\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7814\u7a76\u201c\u63a8\u7ffb\u201d\u4e86ENCODE\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\uff0c\u5c06\u5f15\u5bfc\u79d1\u7814\u4eba\u5458\u91cd\u65b0\u805a\u7126\u4eba\u7c7b\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u7814\u7a76\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5173\u4e8e\u201c\u5783\u573eDNA\u201d\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u4e0e\u201c\u6280\u201d\u4ff1\u8fdb\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5176\u5230\u5e95\u4ece\u4f55\u800c\u6765\uff1f<\/p>\n
\u5df2\u6709\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u201c\u5783\u573eDNA\u201d\u8d77\u6e90\u4e8e\u75c5\u6bd2\uff0c\u5e76\u80fd\u8c03\u8282\u4eba\u4f53\u514d\u75ab\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u8f6c\u5ea7\u5143\u4ef6\u4fbf\u5c5e\u4e8e\u6b64\u7c7b\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u53ef\u5728\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u4e2d\u79fb\u52a8\u7684DNA\u7247\u6bb5\uff0c\u770b\u4e0a\u53bb\u662f\u75c5\u6bd2\u6216\u7ec6\u83cc\u7b49\u75c5\u539f\u4f53\u9057\u7559\u7684\u4ea7\u7269\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u6570\u767e\u4e07\u5e74\u8fdb\u5316\uff0c\u878d\u5165\u4eba\u7c7b\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u3002<\/p>\n
\u800c2017\u5e74\u53d1\u8868\u5728\u300a\u79d1\u5b66\u300b\u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u732e\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u201c\u5783\u573eDNA\u201d\u6765\u6e90\u4e8e\u67d3\u8272\u4f53\u7684\u4e0d\u5bf9\u79f0\u5206\u914d\u3002\u8be5\u7814\u7a76\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u4e24\u6761\u59d0\u59b9\u67d3\u8272\u4f53\u7684\u7740\u4e1d\u7c92\u5728\u96cc\u6027\u51cf\u6570\u5206\u88c2\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u76f8\u4e92\u7ade\u4e89\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u9057\u4f20\uff0c\u800c\u7740\u4e1d\u7c92\u91cd\u590d\u5e8f\u5217\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u4e2d\u6700\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u975e\u7f16\u7801DNA\uff0c\u4e14\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u91cd\u590d\u62f7\u8d1d\u548c\u66f4\u591a\u52a8\u7c92\u86cb\u767d\u7684\u201c\u5f3a\u201d\u7740\u4e1d\u7c92\u4f1a\u88ab\u4f18\u5148\u9057\u4f20\u7ed9\u540e\u4ee3\u3002<\/p>\n
\u529f\u80fd\u5df2\u73b0\u51b0\u5c71\u4e00\u89d2<\/p>\n
\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u5bf9\u201c\u5783\u573eDNA\u201d\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\u7ed3\u679c\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u201c\u5783\u573eDNA\u201d\u7edd\u4e0d\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u4f53\u5185\u201c\u65e0\u7528\u201d\u7684\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5176\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u591a\u65b9\u9762\u53d1\u6325\u7740\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n
\u987e\u6f6e\u6c5f\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u201c\u5783\u573eDNA\u201d\u53ef\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u57fa\u56e0\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u5f00\u5173\u3002\u201c\u5783\u573eDNA\u201d\u4e2d\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u91cd\u590dDNA\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u80fd\u5f62\u6210\u7279\u6b8a\u7684DNA\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5\u6b64\u8c03\u8282\u9644\u8fd1\u57fa\u56e0\u7684\u6d3b\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6709\u7f8e\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u5206\u6790\u4e8611\u4e2a\u4eba\u7c7b\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e2d330\u4e2a\u6e90\u4e8eAlu\uff08\u9ad8\u5ea6\u91cd\u590d\u5e8f\u5217\uff09\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u7684\u5916\u663e\u5b50\uff0c\u9274\u522b\u51fa\u8bb8\u591a\u4ee4\u4eba\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u5916\u663e\u5b50\u3002Alu\u662f\u7075\u957f\u7c7b\u7279\u5f02\u6027\u7684\u53cd\u8f6c\u5f55\u8f6c\u5ea7\u5b50\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5b83\u5236\u9020\u5916\u663e\u5b50\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u5f62\u6210\u7075\u957f\u7c7b\u7684\u72ec\u7279\u5c5e\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n
\u201c\u5783\u573eDNA\u201d\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u5408\u6210\u8c03\u8282\u6027RNA\u53d1\u6325\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u80fd\u88ab\u8f6c\u5f55\u4e3a\u5c0f\u5206\u5b50RNA\uff0c\u63a7\u5236\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u8868\u8fbe\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd\u6fc0\u6d3b\u6216\u6291\u5236\u57fa\u56e0\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\uff0c\u534f\u52a9\u975e\u5e38\u590d\u6742\u7684\u7ec6\u80de\u5206\u88c2\u3001\u5206\u5316\u7b49\u3002\u987e\u6f6e\u6c5f\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u82e5\u5c06\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u533b\u5b66\uff0c\u53ef\u4f7f\u764c\u75c7\u57fa\u56e0\u6c89\u9ed8\uff0c\u610f\u4e49\u91cd\u5927\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8fd8\u6709\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u201c\u5783\u573eDNA\u201d\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u6539\u53d8\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u88c5\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u6b64\u524d\uff0c\u6765\u81ea\u7f8e\u56fd\u5317\u5361\u7f57\u6765\u7eb3\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u53d1\u73b0\uff1a\u4e00\u4e9b\u201c\u5783\u573eDNA\u201d\u4e2d\u7684\u5c0f\u7247\u6bb5\u9057\u4f20\u5e8f\u5217\u544a\u8bc9\u57fa\u56e0\u5982\u4f55\u526a\u63a5\uff0c\u6216\u53ef\u63d0\u9ad8\u3001\u6291\u5236\u526a\u63a5\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6539\u53d8\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u88c5\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u201c\u5783\u573eDNA\u201d\u5bf9\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4e8e\u6b64\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5fb7\u56fd\u548c\u82f1\u56fd\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u5408\u4f5c\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5728\u5316\u7597\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u9aa8\u9ad3\u4e2d\u9020\u8840\u5e72\u7ec6\u80de\u4f1a\u5229\u7528\u201c\u5783\u573eDNA\u201d\u8f6c\u5f55\u4ea7\u751fRNA\u5206\u5b50\u589e\u5f3a\u6d3b\u5316\uff0c\u4ea7\u751f\u65b0\u9c9c\u7ec6\u80de\uff0c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u8840\u6db2\u518d\u751f\u3002<\/p>\n
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